Screw-driver.



scm-:wA DRIVER.

(Application med Apr. 1o, 1902.) (No Mndel.)

ll n, Il

jo longitudinal section thereof.

UNITED STATESI PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE E. GAY, OF AUGUSTA, MAINE.

SCREW-DRIVER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of' Letters Patent No. 705,917, dated July 29, 1902.

Application filed April 10, 1902:

of Maine, have invented a new and Improved Screw-Driver, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in screw-drivers of the ratchet type, the object io being to provide in such a screw-driver a single pawl, so arranged that it may be adjusted to cause a movement of the blade with the handle in either direction, the blade remaining stationary while the handle is turned in the reverse direction or so adj usted as to form a lock between the blade and handle, so that the blade and handle will move together in either direction similarly to the ordinary fixed-blade screw-driver, which at times is 2b found convenient.

I will describe a screw-driver embodying my invention and then point out the novelv features in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanyingV l e5 drawings, forming a part of this specification,

in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures. p

Figure lis a side elevation of a screw-d river embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a partial Fig. 3 is a pa'itial longitudinal section at right angles to Fig. 2. Fig. I is a perspective view with a portion of the ferrule broken away. Fig. 5 is a section on the line a: of Fig. 3. Fig. 6

is a vplan illustrating a cam employed, and

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of .the formed' cam-ring.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the blade of the screw-driver, mounted torrotate 4o in the ferrule 2, attached to the handle 3. l On the inner end of the blade lis a disk 4,

provided on its inner surface with ratchetteeth 5. Adapted to engage with the ratchetteeth is a pawl 6, which extends across the ferrule and has end projections 7, which pass 5o the ferrule and through a slot 9, formed at the center of the pawl. By means of this Serial No. 102,196. (No model.)

slot the pawl may move transversely with relation to the guide-pin, as well as rock thereon, the object of which will hereinafter appear. The pawl, however, is held yieldingly in engagement with the ratchet teeth by means of a spring 10, here shown as attached to a stop blockfll, having a perforation through which the pin 8 passes, and this block engages with the inner vsurface of the 'disk 4 to prevent inward movement of the .blade into the handle or ferrule'.

A sleeve 12 has a rotary movement on the ferrule 2, and it is limited in its movement by means of the pin vS, engaging with either' end wall of a slot 13, formed in the sleeve. On the inner side the sleeve 12 has a cam plate or ring having opposite cam-surfaces I4 and alsoropposite cam-surfaces l5, which are on a higher plane than the surfaces 14. This cam-plate may be conveniently made of a strip of spring metal and sprung into place Awithin the sleeve and-held by means of lugs 16 on the sleeve engaging in perforations in the cam plate or ring. It is to be understood, however, that it maybe otherwise secured in place, or the sleeve may be stamped to form the cam-surfaces.

In operation in inserting a screw the blade obviously will turn with the handle upon the right hand turning. For this purpose the sleeve 12 is to be rotated until the cam-surface I5 tilts one end of the pawl 6 upward and the opposite end en gages with the ratchetteeth. When in this position, the blade will vremain stationary upon a backward or reverse movement of the handle preparatory to another turning of the blade. In taking out a screw the sleeve is to be turned to raise the other end of the pawl to cause the opposite end to engage with the ratchet-teeth, and the same operation will take place, excepting the movements will be in the opposite direction to that first described. When it is desired to lock the blade and handle together to operate as an ordinary screw-driver, the sleeve is to be turned until the pin 8 is in a central position in the slot 13, as indicated in Fig. 5. Then the pawl may be moved by the spring l0 to engage each of its ends with teeth of the disk 4. This is permitted by the slot, which allows free play of the pawl trans- IOO versely of the pin. Obviously this cannot occur with a pawl merely pivoted to swing onapin.

Having thus described my invention, Iv

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A screw-driver comprising a ferrule, a blade mounted to rotate therein, ratchetteeth on the inner end of said blade, a guide` pin extended transversely in the ferrule, a 'pawl having a slot through which said pin passes, whereby the pawl may swing on the pin and also move transversely thereof, and means for rocking the pawl to engage either of its ends with the ratchet-teeth, substantially as specified.

2. A screw-driver comprising a ferrule, a blade mounted to rotate therein and -having ratchet-teeth on its inner end, said ferrule being provided with opposite slots, a pin extended transversely through the ferrule, a pawl extended across the ferrule and having a slot through which the pin passes, whereby the pawl may rock on the pin and also have a transverse movement with relation thereto, projections on said pawl passing through the slots of the ferrule, a sleeve mounted to rotate on the ferrule, and a cam on the inner side of said sleeve for rocking the pawl, substantially as specified.

3. A screw-driver comprising a ferrule, a blade mounted to rotate therein and having ratchet-teeth on its inner end, said ferrule being provided with opposite slots, a pin eX- tended transversely through the ferrule, a pawl extended across the ferrule and having a slot through which the pin passes, whereby the pawl may rock on the pin and also have a transverse movement with relation thereto, projections on said pawl passing through the slots of the ferrule, a sleeve mounted to rotate on the ferrule, a cam on the innerside of said sleeve for rocking the pawl, and a stop-block engaging with the inner end of the blade, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' GEORGE E. GAY.

Witnesses:

S. C. SPAU'LDING, J. A. GARDNER. 

